Palmitoleic acid (PAMDB001837)

IdentificationTaxonomyPhysical PropertiesBiological PropertiesSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesEnzymes Transporters
Proteins (3280)
Record Information
Version 1.0
Update Date 1/22/2018 12:54:54 PM
Metabolite IDPAMDB001837
Identification
Name: Palmitoleic acid
Description:Palmitoleic acid is a hexadecenoic acid (16 carbon chain) and a monounsaturated fatty acid with a C-C double bond at carbon 9. (Wikipedia) The double bond is normally in the cis or Z configuration. (ChEBI). Pseudomonas aeruginosa is able to naturally synthesize palmitoleate through a series of enzyme-catalyzed steps. (EcoCyc)
Structure
Thumb
🔍MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChIView Structure
Synonyms:
  • (9Z)-Hexadecenoate
  • (9Z)-Hexadecenoic acid
  • (Z)-9-Hexadecenoate
  • (Z)-9-Hexadecenoic acid
  • (Z)-Hexadec-9-enoate
  • (Z)-Hexadec-9-enoic acid
  • 9-cis-Hexadecenoate
  • 9-cis-Hexadecenoic acid
  • 9-Hexadecenoate
  • 9-Hexadecenoic acid
  • Cis-9-Hexadecenoate
  • Cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid
  • cis-9-Palmitoleate
  • Cis-9-palmitoleic acid
  • Cis-delta-9-Hexadecenoate
  • Cis-delta-9-Hexadecenoic acid
  • Cis-Palmitoleate
  • Cis-Palmitoleic acid
  • cis-δ-9-Hexadecenoate
  • cis-δ-9-Hexadecenoic acid
  • Hexadecenoate
  • Hexadecenoic acid
  • Oleopalmitate
  • Oleopalmitic acid
  • Palmitoleate
  • Palmitoleate (16:1δ9)
  • Palmitoleic acid
  • Palmitoleic acid (16:1Δ9)
  • Zoomerate
  • Zoomeric acid
Chemical Formula: C16H30O2
Average Molecular Weight: 254.4082
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 254.224580204
InChI Key: SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/C16H30O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h7-8H,2-6,9-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18)/b8-7-
CAS number: 373-49-9
IUPAC Name:(9Z)-hexadec-9-enoic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name: palmitoleic acid
SMILES:CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O
Chemical Taxonomy
Taxonomy DescriptionThis compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms.
Kingdom Organic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
Class Fatty Acyls
Sub ClassFatty acids and conjugates
Direct Parent Long-chain fatty acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Long-chain fatty acid
  • Unsaturated fatty acid
  • Straight chain fatty acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular Framework Aliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State: Liquid
Charge:-1
Melting point: -0.1 °C
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.000447 mg/mLALOGPS
logP6.71ALOGPS
logP5.89ChemAxon
logS-5.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.99ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area37.3 Å2ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count13ChemAxon
Refractivity78.2 m3·mol-1ChemAxon
Polarizability32.87 Å3ChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability0ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations: Membrane
Reactions:
Pathways: Not Available
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS)splash10-00nb-5900000000-90ab9a21246ad658bda0View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSNot Available
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-052r-0090000000-202819132f83589a248bView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0a4s-7790000000-ff129e0c7cc2a7e4cf19View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-052f-9600000000-749f09fec19d95c21683View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0udi-0090000000-5005f244d7d1c3502c3eView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0zg0-1090000000-cac7fce9a75b0f1abd63View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0a4l-9320000000-2e782c63ccf72afe9be9View in MoNA
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot Available
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot Available
References
References:
  • Ho RC, Davy KP, Hickey MS, Summers SA, Melby CL: Behavioral, metabolic, and molecular correlates of lower insulin sensitivity in Mexican-Americans. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Oct;283(4):E799-808. Pubmed: 12217898
  • Hori Y, Nakamura K, Yamamoto M, Shimada K, Nakadaira H, Shibuya N, Endoh K, Ogoshi K: Determination of free fatty acids in human bile by high-performance liquid chromatography. Ann Clin Biochem. 1998 Mar;35 ( Pt 2):279-82. Pubmed: 9547901
  • Katsuta Y, Iida T, Inomata S, Denda M: Unsaturated fatty acids induce calcium influx into keratinocytes and cause abnormal differentiation of epidermis. J Invest Dermatol. 2005 May;124(5):1008-13. Pubmed: 15854043
  • Prandota J: Clinical pharmacology of antibiotics and other drugs in cystic fibrosis. Drugs. 1988 May;35(5):542-78. Pubmed: 3293970
  • Rossner S, Walldius G, Bjorvell H: Fatty acid composition in serum lipids and adipose tissue in severe obesity before and after six weeks of weight loss. Int J Obes. 1989;13(5):603-12. Pubmed: 2583914
  • Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. Pubmed: 19212411
  • Thiele I, Swainston N, Fleming RM, Hoppe A, Sahoo S, Aurich MK, Haraldsdottir H, Mo ML, Rolfsson O, Stobbe MD, Thorleifsson SG, Agren R, Bolling C, Bordel S, Chavali AK, Dobson P, Dunn WB, Endler L, Hala D, Hucka M, Hull D, Jameson D, Jamshidi N, Jonsson JJ, Juty N, Keating S, Nookaew I, Le Novere N, Malys N, Mazein A, Papin JA, Price ND, Selkov E Sr, Sigurdsson MI, Simeonidis E, Sonnenschein N, Smallbone K, Sorokin A, van Beek JH, Weichart D, Goryanin I, Nielsen J, Westerhoff HV, Kell DB, Mendes P, Palsson BO: A community-driven global reconstruction of human metabolism. Nat Biotechnol. 2013 Mar 3. doi: 10.1038/nbt.2488. Pubmed: 23455439
  • van der Werf, M. J., Overkamp, K. M., Muilwijk, B., Coulier, L., Hankemeier, T. (2007). "Microbial metabolomics: toward a platform with full metabolome coverage." Anal Biochem 370:17-25. Pubmed: 17765195
  • Yli-Jama P, Haugen TS, Rebnord HM, Ringstad J, Pedersen JI: Selective mobilisation of fatty acids from human adipose tissue. Eur J Intern Med. 2001 Apr;12(2):107-115. Pubmed: 11297913
  • Yurtsever D. (2007). Fatty acid methyl ester profiling of Enterococcus and Esherichia coli for microbial source tracking. M.sc. Thesis. Villanova University: U.S.A
Synthesis Reference: Not Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Download (PDF)
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID28716
HMDB IDHMDB03229
Pubchem Compound ID445638
Kegg IDC08362
ChemSpider ID393216
WikipediaPalmitoleic acid
BioCyc IDCPD-9245
EcoCyc IDCPD-9245
Ligand ExpoPAM

Enzymes

Protein Details
• Malonyl CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase
General function:
Involved in transferase activity
Specific function:
Malonyl-CoA + [acyl-carrier-protein] = CoA + malonyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]
Gene Name:
fabD
Locus Tag:
PA2968
Molecular weight:
32.4 kDa
Reactions
Malonyl-CoA + [acyl-carrier-protein] = CoA + malonyl-[acyl-carrier-protein].
Protein Details
• Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the esterification, concomitant with transport, of exogenous long-chain fatty acids into metabolically active CoA thioesters for subsequent degradation or incorporation into phospholipids
Gene Name:
fadD
Locus Tag:
PA3299
Molecular weight:
61.7 kDa
Reactions
ATP + a long-chain fatty acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA.
Protein Details
• Acyl carrier protein
General function:
Involved in fatty acid biosynthetic process
Specific function:
Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis
Gene Name:
acpP
Locus Tag:
PA2966
Molecular weight:
8.7 kDa