orotate (PAMDB110851)

IdentificationTaxonomyPhysical PropertiesBiological PropertiesSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesEnzymes Transporters
Proteins (3280)
Record Information
Version 1.0
Update Date 1/22/2018 12:54:54 PM
Metabolite IDPAMDB110851
Identification
Name: orotate
Description:Orotic acid is a minor dietary constituent. Indeed, until it was realized that it could be synthesized by humans, orotic acid was known as vitamin B-13. The richest dietary sources are cow's milk and other dairy products as well as root vegetables such as carrots and beets. Dietary intake probably contributes to a basal rate of orotic acid excretion in urine because fasting decreases excretion by ~50%. However, it is now apparent that most urinary orotic acid is synthesized in the body, where it arises as an intermediate in the pathway for the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid is converted to UMP by UMP synthase, a multifunctional protein with both orotate phosphoribosyltransferase and orotidylate decarboxylase activity. The most frequently observed inborn error of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis is a mutation of the multifunctional protein UMP synthase. This disorder prevents the conversion of orotic acid to UMP and thus to other pyrimidines. As a result, plasma orotic acid accumulates to high concentrations, and increased quantities appear in the urine. Indeed, urinary orotic acid is so markedly increased in individuals harboring a mutation in UMP synthase that orotic acid crystals can form in the urine. The urinary concentration of orotic acid in homozygotes can be of the order of millimoles per millimole creatinine. By comparison, the urinary level in unaffected individuals is ~ 1 umol/mmol creatinine. (PMID: 17513443 ).
Structure
Thumb
🔍MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChIView Structure
Synonyms:
  • orotic acid
Chemical Formula: C5H3N2O4
Average Molecular Weight: 155.09
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 156.0171066272
InChI Key: PXQPEWDEAKTCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI: InChI=1S/C5H4N2O4/c8-3-1-2(4(9)10)6-5(11)7-3/h1H,(H,9,10)(H2,6,7,8,11)/p-1
CAS number: 65-86-1
IUPAC Name:2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylate
Traditional IUPAC Name: orotic acid
SMILES:C1(=C(C([O-])=O)NC(NC(=O)1)=O)
Chemical Taxonomy
Taxonomy DescriptionThis compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring.
Kingdom Organic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
Class Diazines
Sub ClassPyrimidines and pyrimidine derivatives
Direct Parent Pyrimidinecarboxylic acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Hydropyrimidine carboxylic acid derivative
  • Pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid
  • Pyrimidone
  • Hydropyrimidine
  • Vinylogous amide
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Lactam
  • Urea
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Azacycle
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular Framework Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State: Solid
Charge:-1
Melting point: 345.5 °C
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point345.5 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility1.82 mg/mL at 18 °CNot Available
LogP-0.83SANGSTER (1994)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility4.51 mg/mLALOGPS
logP-0.89ALOGPS
logP-1.2ChemAxon
logS-1.5ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)2.83ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-6ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area95.5 Å2ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity33.27 m3·mol-1ChemAxon
Polarizability12.46 Å3ChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations: Not Available
Reactions:
Ubiquinones + (S)-dihydroorotate → Ubiquinols + orotate
(S)-dihydroorotate + NAD+ → Hydrogen ion + orotate + NADH
Pathways:
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies)splash10-0udi-1982000000-b20f2ec9a2f1acc84ae1View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS)splash10-0zfr-2693000000-07bf11b5177412647d9bView in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSNot Available
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Negative (Annotated)splash10-03di-0900000000-81d73aed73c250fff3aeView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Negative (Annotated)splash10-0006-9300000000-ecb08d1854a2789480d1View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Negative (Annotated)splash10-0006-9100000000-15748a4c13636c42f4f9View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Positivesplash10-02ti-4900000000-6fd6312d81f94faaaf11View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Negativesplash10-03di-0900000000-1b7abf52e4a01cb85541View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0bt9-0900000000-1ad59feda583f2247b21View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-03di-2900000000-0d0d27215e9f39a2a15bView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0006-9100000000-918a38777f5d4e049697View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-d7bbee7f2dc7bb0c6a83View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-03dl-7900000000-303fe3e06e98f518a2eeView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-9000000000-b2c02975bbba65c2f1c6View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0bt9-0900000000-1ad59feda583f2247b21View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-03di-2900000000-0d0d27215e9f39a2a15bView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0006-9100000000-918a38777f5d4e049697View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-d7bbee7f2dc7bb0c6a83View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-03dl-7900000000-303fe3e06e98f518a2eeView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-9000000000-b2c02975bbba65c2f1c6View in MoNA
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-066r-9300000000-e5c3ef3304f93a38628cView in MoNA
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot Available
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot Available
2D NMR[1H,1H] 2D NMR SpectrumNot Available
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot Available
References
References:
  • Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38. [2026685 ]
  • Zieve L: Conditional deficiencies of ornithine or arginine. J Am Coll Nutr. 1986;5(2):167-76. [3088083 ]
  • Visek WJ: Ammonia: its effects on biological systems, metabolic hormones, and reproduction. J Dairy Sci. 1984 Mar;67(3):481-98. [6371080 ]
  • Arranz JA, Riudor E, Rodes M, Roig M, Climent C, Rubio V, Sentis M, Burlina A: Optimization of allopurinol challenge: sample purification, protein intake control, and the use of orotidine response as a discriminative variable improve performance of the test for diagnosing ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency. Clin Chem. 1999 Jul;45(7):995-1001. [10388475 ]
  • Sugio K, Gazdar AF, Albores-Saavedra J, Kokkinakis DM: High yields of K-ras mutations in intraductal papillary mucinous tumors and invasive adenocarcinomas induced by N-nitroso(2-hydroxypropyl)(2-oxopropyl)amine in the pancreas of female Syrian hamsters. Carcinogenesis. 1996 Feb;17(2):303-9. [8625455 ]
  • Finkelstein JE, Hauser ER, Leonard CO, Brusilow SW: Late-onset ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency in male patients. J Pediatr. 1990 Dec;117(6):897-902. [2246687 ]
  • Harris ML, Oberholzer VG: Conditions affecting the colorimetry of orotic acid and orotidine in urine. Clin Chem. 1980 Mar;26(3):473-9. [7363468 ]
  • Jakobs C, Sweetman L, Nyhan WL, Gruenke L, Craig JC, Wadman SK: Stable isotope dilution analysis of orotic acid and uracil in amniotic fluid. Clin Chim Acta. 1984 Nov 15;143(2):123-33. [6391739 ]
  • Visek WJ: Arginine and disease states. J Nutr. 1985 Apr;115(4):532-41. [3884753 ]
  • Mizutani Y, Wada H, Fukushima M, Yoshida O, Nakanishi H, Li YN, Miki T: Prognostic significance of orotate phosphoribosyltransferase activity in bladder carcinoma. Cancer. 2004 Feb 15;100(4):723-31. [14770427 ]
  • Valik D, Sedova Z, Starha J, Zeman J, Hruba E, Dvorakova L: Acute hyperammonaemic encephalopathy in a female newborn caused by a novel, de novo mutation in the ornithine transcarbamylase gene. Acta Paediatr. 2004 May;93(5):710-1. [15174800 ]
  • Mills GC, Schmalstieg FC, Newkirk KE, Goldblum RM: Cytosine and orotic acid in urine of immunodeficient children. Clin Chem. 1979 Mar;25(3):419-24. [262183 ]
  • Paradis D, Giguere R, Auray-Blais C, Draper P, Lemieux B: An automated method for the determination of orotic acid in the urine of children being screened for metabolic disorders. Clin Biochem. 1980 Aug;13(4):160-3. [7449082 ]
  • Potter M, Hammond JW, Sim KG, Green AK, Wilcken B: Ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency: improved sensitivity of testing for protein tolerance in the diagnosis of heterozygotes. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2001 Feb;24(1):5-14. [11286382 ]
  • van Kuilenburg AB, van Lenthe H, Loffler M, van Gennip AH: Analysis of pyrimidine synthesis "de novo" intermediates in urine and dried urine filter- paper strips with HPLC-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chem. 2004 Nov;50(11):2117-24. Epub 2004 Sep 16. [15375016 ]
  • Brosnan ME, Brosnan JT: Orotic acid excretion and arginine metabolism. J Nutr. 2007 Jun;137(6 Suppl 2):1656S-1661S. [17513443 ]
Synthesis Reference: Mitchell, Herschel K.; Nyc, Joseph F. Intermediates in the synthesis of orotic acid from oxalacetic ester and urea. Journal of the American Chemical Society (1947), 69 674-7.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Download (PDF)
External Links:
ResourceLink
CAS65-86-1
ChEBI30839
HMDBHMDB00226
IAF126034527
KEGGC00295
MetaboLightsMTBLC30839
PubChem1492348